STORYLINE The Future of News

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The business model of news

by Geoff Samek, published on April 6, 2009 at 5:39 AM

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The current fear goes something like this: "If the newspapers disappear, so does all the real original reporting with it." The basic charge is that there is no business model for "giving away" news online, because online revenue is too miniscule and newspapers spend an enormous amount to get us that amazing original content.

The trouble is that a lot of those assumptions are just plain false. Once you start delving into the numbers those assumptions begin to wash away.

For instance, what does an average major daily pay, in terms of a percentage of its overall budget, for its editorial department? While one's inclination may be to assume that it is a huge portion, the reality is that the number averages between 7 and 10 percent. That means the rest of the cost of running a paper is tied up in printing, distributing, marketing and selling that paper.

Considering those percentages, let's look at McClatchy's 2008 numbers. McClatchy as an organization reported total earnings of approximately $1.9 billion. They also reported online advertising revenue of approximately $180 million. Some quick math indicates that about %9.5 of McClatchy's total revenue came from online advertising. Sound like a familiar percentage?

But that's McClatchy, what about the Bee? While numbers haven't been published breaking down the Bee's costs specifically for 2008, we can make some estimates and compare those with revenue numbers. The revenue numbers can be broken out of the McClatchy reports. Of the $180 million that McClatchy makes in online ad revenue, approximately $30 million comes from California and of that, slightly more than half comes from The Sacramento Bee.

That means that The Sacramento Bee has about $15-16 million in online ad revenue. And if I had $15-16 million dollars I could provide Sacramento with one really stellar newsroom and mountains of daily reporting on the region. But you don't have to take my word for it. In fact the Bee already does provide stellar coverage for near that amount. With approximately $211 million in revenue, it is likely the Bee's editorial department costs in the neighborhood of $15-20 million.

In a recent Bee article Al Tompkins, a Poynter faculty member, was quoted as saying, "Who's going to cover the planning and sewer commissions?" The answer: Geoff Doughtery plans to. Geoff Dougherty of chitowndailynews.com is building a newsroom for approximately $2 million. Click on the link to check out his extensive coverage.

While this analysis is not done by a professional economist, or accountant, it is clear that in general, the news about news, is not as grim as some make it seem. My aim was to ground this panic with a few numbers that make sense of the world we live in, so that we will begin to be able to figure out the new world we are heading for.

Statistics sited in this story can be found in this press release from the McClatchy website.

 

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April 6, 2009 | 8:52 AM
Paperless newspapers have arrived in Detroit -- well, almost paperless. WSJ: " Gannett Co.'s Free Press and MediaNews Group's News this week limited their home delivery to Thursday and Friday, while only the Free Press arrives Sunday. On other days, the two papers will publish an abbreviated print paper sold only on the newsstand and a replica electronic edition available via the Internet."

I'm reminded of the tale of the farmer whose dog had an infection that required the amputation of the dog's tail. Fearful of hurting the dog, he chose to cut a little off each day until the entire tail was gone. The dog did not appreciate the "kindness" of the farmer.

McClatchy press releases talk of transitioning to a paper and online hybrid model. I suppose the perspective of those who still have their jobs is different from those who suffered the first cuts.
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April 6, 2009 | 11:55 AM
Those two have also inked a deal with Plastic Logic, the makers of an upcoming wireless e-ink device.

People who want to subscribe can receive these newspapers wirelessly on this slick device. I hope that experiment works out well for all involved. See more here:

http://tinyurl.com/cjgb22
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Dan
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April 6, 2009 | 9:06 PM
The cost stated for editorial seemingly only includes salaries for newsroom. Add in the cost of benefits, an advertising staff, a web staff, support and HR staff, a few lawyers, some infrastructure (even if the Bee ends up doing away with a physical building, servers, laptops, etc. cost money)...and then the likely fact that a lot of advertising is upsold to the web (i.e. buy some advertising in the paper, get some discounted ads on the website), you'd no longer be able to support the kind of editorial staff you have now.
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April 6, 2009 | 10:36 PM
The Bee editorial staff is 190. That means that the average editorial employee would have to make over $85,000 each in total compensation for my number of $16 million to be exclusively salary. My understanding is that total editorial compensation is nearly $20,000 less than $85,000 on average. I will get the exact numbers as soon as I can and as best as I can.

This means that after salary that still would leave well over $3 million in online revenue for supporting roles.

It should also be noted that the Bee has seen double digit increases in online advertising revenue in each of the last several years, including a %15.7 increase in online revenue during last year's recession, and that includes horrible showing in classifieds due to the worsening economy.

In order to make the Bee a successful online only operation massive restructuring would certainly be needed. The point of the above numbers is to prove that even now, amid the financial crisis, the numbers are close.

As to the bundling of online and print ads, that *was* primarily the case, however no longer. If you listen to the UBS news conference where Gary Pruit speaks about that practice, you'll note that McClatchy has moved away from it (http://bit.ly/mcclatchy_ubs_speech).
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April 6, 2009 | 9:21 PM
Thanks Geoff, great post...great reporting! Now I am going to run out and start an online newspaper this week...
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April 6, 2009 | 11:28 PM
If newspapers were about community coverage and not profit-making, they would be in fine shape.

I find it ironic that the Bee published a half-page worth of letters from its readers decrying the pub's lack of local news coverage over the weekend and then published a two-page regional section today lacking in local 'news.'

Reading the Bee leaves me feeling empty and uninformed which is why others and myself have started websites to fill the gap.
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April 7, 2009 | 12:06 AM
This is most likely indicative of the recent layoffs in the editorial department, combined with it being a Monday which is traditionally a light paper.
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April 7, 2009 | 8:39 AM
we stopped our subscription years ago simply because we were tired of the left leaning bias in the paper.

I wonder how many other people have canceled their subscriptions over disagreements with a paper's politics?
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